The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

I. S. Robinson (19 July 1990). The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 166–. ISBN 978-0-521-31922-5.

Robert Somerville (1977). Pope Alexander III and the Council of Tours (1163): A Study of Ecclesiastical Politics and Institutions in the Twelfth Century. Abbots and Cardinals at the Council of Tours 1163: University of California Press. pp. 29–. ISBN 978-0-520-03184-5.

Johannes Matthias Brixius (1912). Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181.

Cardinal William of Pavia

MATENGO, O.Cist., Guglielmo

Cardinal Deacon of st Mary via lata
Cardinal Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli,

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 1155

Cardinal  Henry of Pisa

MORICOTTI, O.Cist., Errico (?-1179)

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Moricotti

Cardinal Deacon Hyacinth

BOBONE, Giacinto

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1144.htm#Bobone

Hyacinth Bobo, cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin

Became Popes Celestine III

I. S. Robinson (19 July 1990). The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 166–. ISBN 978-0-521-31922-5.

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1152.htm#Ottone

Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger (1842). A History of the Church: Translated from the German of the Rev. J.J. Ig. Döllinger,. C. Dolman and T. Jomes. pp. 24–. Text ". ..." ignored (help)

 Pope Celestine III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Otto, Cardinal Deacon of Tulliano
OTTONE (?-1174/1175)

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1152.htm#Ottone

Cardinal John of SS. Giovanni e Paolo of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano
CONTI, Giovanni (?-1182)
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Conti

Cardinal Boso

Bosone (cardinale) - Wikipedia

Cardinal Boso

Cardinal Bishop Walter of Albano

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1159.htm#Gualterio

Cardinal Roland Bandinelli of Siena

Pope Alexander III - Wikipedia

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Bandinelli

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA Pope Alexander III

Octavian - Antipope Victor IV

Ottaviano de Monticello
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/consistories-xii.htm#VictorIV

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_election,_1159

Cardinal John of St. Martin’s 
Jean de Morson
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Mercone
 
Guido of Crema
CREMA, Guido da (ca. 1110-1168)
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Crema

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipope_Paschal_III

Cardinal Manfred
Manfredo, O.S.B. (?-1178)
Cardinal Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1163.htm#Manfredo

Hubald, Cardinal Bishop of Ostia

ALLUCINGOLI, O.Cist., Ubaldo (ca. 1097/1110-1185)

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1141.htm#Allucingoli

Cardinal Deacons

Cardinals Deacons held the lowest rank amongst the Cardinals. The other two ranks were Cardinal Bishops and Cardinal Priests. Many cardinals were deacons, and were not fully ordained priests. If they were elected Pope in conclave, they had rapidly to be ordained as priest, bishop and then pope (bishop of Rome). Many Cardinal Deacons were selected by the Pope from amongst the officials of the Roman Curia, rewarded for their service to the Church or skill at diplomacy or administration. In the early days of the Church there were seven deacons each who who administered one of the seven districts of the Roman diocese,There were a further seven deacons who assisted in the papal household.  By the 10th and 11th centuries the number of deaconries in Rome had increased to 18, and in Urban II's time a Cardinal Deacon was assigned to each of them.

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Deaconries 1

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Deaconries 2

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Deaconries 3

Papal Elections of the 12th century

Chronicle of Robert of Torigni

The Chronicle of Robert of Torigni

https://archive.org/details/chroniclesofreig04howl

Richard Howlett. Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I. Volume 4 Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-05229-0.

Léopold Delisle (1872). Chronique de Robert de Torigni, abbé du Mont-Saint-Michel: suivie de divers opuscules historiques ... le tout publié d'après les manuscrits originaux. Tome I A. Le Brument. pp. 11–.

 Robert (de Torigni.) (1872). Chronique de Robert de Torigni suivie de divers opuscules historiques de cet auteur et de plusieurs religieux de la même abbaye, Le tout publié d'après les manuscrits originaux: Par Léopold Delisle. I. A. Le Brument. pp. 1–.

Robert (de Torigni.) (1873). Chronique de Robert de Torigni suivie de divers opuscules historiques de cet auteur et de plusieurs religieux de la même abbaye, Le tout publié d'après les manuscrits originaux: Par Léopold Delisle. Tome II A. Le Brument. pp. 5–.

CHRONICA ROBERTI DE TORIGNEIO, ABBATIS MONASTERII SANCTI MICHAELIS IN PERICULO MARIS - University Publishing Online

http://goo.gl/nAviYe

Robert de Torigni - Arlima - Archives de littérature du Moyen Âge

The "Gesta Normannorum ducum" of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni, 1: Introduction and Books I-IV; 2: Books V-VIII. by Elisabeth M. C. van Houts

Felice Lifshitz

Speculum

Vol. 72, No. 2 (Apr., 1997), pp. 572-574

Published by: Medieval Academy of America

Article Stable URL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/3041057

Robert of Torigni - Wikipedia


Other Chronicles

List of English chronicles - Wikipedia

Annales Monastici. ANNALES PRIORATUS DE WIGORNIA: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green. 1869. pp. 380–.

Becket and the Templars

During his reign and his dispute with Thomas Becket.King Henry II relied heavily on many occasions on the advice of the Templars. 

The Templars and the Vexin, Custody of Gisors Castle

Gisors castle was given to the French King Louis VII in 1144. Gisors was to be given to back to England when the young children -three and five years old- of the kings were to get married. In the meantime it was held in trust by the Templars from 1158. In 1161 the children were married and Gisors was taken back by the King of England Henri II Plantagenet who completed its construction.

It was by this act that the loyalty and partiality to Henry II of the Templars was demonstrated, when they transferred the Vexin castles to him, following the marriage of Princess Margaret of France to Prince Henry of England (the Young King). However for this treachery they were banished from  France by the French king.

Annex 2- Gisors - Gilles C H Nullens

Evelyn Lord (2013). Knights Templar in Britain. Routledge. pp. 207–. ISBN 978-1-317-86642-8.

Frank Barlow (1990). Thomas Becket. University of California Press. pp. 98–. ISBN 978-0-520-07175-9.

 https://web.archive.org/web/20150921162817/http://www.warfare.altervista.org/13/Chronica_Majora-Templars-large.htm

Emilie Amt (1 January 1993). The Accession of Henry II in England: Royal Government Restored, 1149-1159. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 107–. ISBN 978-0-85115-348-3.

Jeffrey Strickland (2012). Knights of the Cross. Lulu.com. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-1-105-35162-4.

Guy, John (2012). Thomas Becket: Warrior, Priest, Rebel, Victim: A 900-Year-Old Story Retold. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 170–. ISBN 978-0-14-193328-3.

Diceto i 303

Templars' involvement at the Council of Clarendon, January 1164

Richard of Hastings and Hostes [Hoston] of St-Omer.

These two Templars were present at the council of Clarendon in January 1164.

Both were Grand Priors of the Temple in England

     Hoston de Saint-Omer (1153–1155)

     Richard de Hastings (1155–1185)

During the proceedings at the Council of Clarendon 1164 they were sent by Henry to Becket. Richard de Hastings throwing himself on his knees before Becket and with profuse tears and entreaties attempted strongly to reconcile the differences between Henry II and Thomas Becket. They begged him to give his adherence to the Customs that the King had drawn up.

Charles G. Addison (1842). The history of the Knights Templars, The Temple Church and the Temple. Longman S. S. S. S. pp. 110–.

Constitutions of Clarendon Garnier Council of Clarendon January 1164

HumanitiesWeb.org - Henry II (Constitutions of Clarendon) by David Hume

Joseph Berington (1793). The History Of The Reign Of Henry The Second, Tourneisen. pp. 95–.

 
William Holden Hutton. Thomas Becket. Cambridge University Press. pp. 87–. ISBN 978-1-107-66171-4.

Hoston de St-Omer

[Aka Osto de Saint-Omer, Toston de St. Omer]

Master Templar "Best Knight in Jerusalem" (1141 - 1166)

Becket 1170

Helen J. Nicholson (2010). The Knights Templar: A Brief History of the Warrior Order. Running Press. ISBN 978-1-84901-100-6.

...

As they did for the papacy,  Templars regularly acted as messengers for kings and nobles. Like the friars in the thirteenth century and later, the Military Orders could be conveniently used for secret missions because they were inconspicuous. Templars and Hospitallers were always on the road, preaching and collecting alms from the faithful, and because they were religious men they were less likely than secular messengers to be stopped by an enemy and searched or even imprisoned. In 1170 one of Archbishop Thomas Becket's correspondents warned him that the Templars who brought him news were not simple and trustworthy religious men but were actually the agents of his enemy, King Henry II of England.

...

Bouquet (1814). Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France...: accompagnés de sommaires, de tables, de notes, etc. Epistola 274. pp. 430–2.

White Kennett (1818). Parochial Antiquities Attempted in the History of Ambrosden, Burcester and Other Adjacent Parts in the Counties of Oxford and Bucks. Becket confirms some land to the Templars: Clarendon Press. pp. 165–.

George Lyttelton (1767). The History Of The Life of King Henry the Second, And of the Age in which He Lived: In Five Books: To which is Prefixed, A History of the Revolutions of England From the Death of Edward the Consessor to the Birth of Henry the Second. Notes To The Second And Third Books Of The History Of The Life of King Henry the Second : With an Appendix to each. Sandby and Dodsley. pp. 242–.

Great Britain. Public Record Office (1885). Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores: Or, Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland During the Middle Ages. Volume 7. Kraus Reprint. p. 309.

Alan V. Murray (1998). From Clermont to Jerusalem: The Crusades and Crusader Societies, 1095-1500 : Selected Proceedings of the International Medieval Congress, University of Leeds, 10-13 July 1995. Brepols. pp. 211–. ISBN 978-2-503-50667-8.

MTB Epistola 673

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k50324t/f330.image

Correspondence of Thomas Becket Volume 2, Letter 296

Written from Normandy by a well-informed supporter  (possibly Master Ernulf, formerly keeper of Becket's seal):

...

but even to God himself, rather than to make peace with you. Therefore do not set your hope in justice or believe those Templars, who do not walk in simplicity, but in fact, desiring to follow the king's will rather than yours, they bring nothing but falsehood from the king and the father of lies to deceive you. For whatever the king does in your regard is deception and villainy; but , if I may say it by your leave, he decievs the foolish with empty words, so that he may meanwhile make better provision for himself and lay greater traps and stronger nets for you with the passing of time. What therefore will you do, most unfortunate of men, if that which you have sighed for so long should be taken from you in a short space of time?

...

1155 the Knights Templar build their Temple Church in Fleet Street

In 1154 under King Henry II of England, the Grand Master of Knights Templar (André de Montbard) superintended the Masons. The Knights Templar built their Temple in Fleet Street. The Knights Templar moved their London temple to the new site between Fleet Street and the Thames in 1161.

King Henry II  granted the Templars land across England, including some territory by Castle Baynard on the River Fleet, where they built a round church, patterned after the Knights Templar headquarters on Temple Mount in Jerusalem. Later a chapel dedicated to St. Thomas is also erected  near to this site. 

Emilie Amt (1993). The Accession of Henry II in England: Royal Government Restored, 1149-1159. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 108–. ISBN 978-0-85115-348-3.

Robin Griffith-Jones; David Park (2010). The Temple Church in London: History, Architecture, Art. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 24–. ISBN 978-1-84383-498-4.

Robin Griffith-Jones; David Park (2010). The Temple Church in London: History, Architecture, Art. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 87–. ISBN 978-1-84383-498-4.

Saxons, Knights & Lawyers in the Inner Temple;

archaeological excavations in Church Court & Hare Court

by Jonathan Butler (2005)

Pre-Construct Archaeology Limited Monograph No. 4 

http://www.pre-construct.com/Publications/Monograph-downloads/Monograph-4-Temple.pdf

Knights Templar in England - Wikipedia

The atlas of the Crusades : Riley-Smith - Internet Archive

Other Examples

Karen Ralls (2007). Knights Templar Encyclopedia: The Essential Guide to the People, Places, Events, and Symbols of the Order of the Temple. Career Press. pp. 61–. ISBN 978-1-56414-926-8.

Knights of Saint Thomas, Acre

Knights of Saint Thomas - Wikipedia

Henry II's Will and Last Testament 

Throughout his reign Henry II held a very high regard for both the Templars and Hospitallers. A number of clauses in his Will and Last testament confirm this.

Pierre Dupuy (1751). Histoire de l'ordre militaire des Templiers, ou chevaliers du temple de Jerusalem: depuis son etablissement jusqu'à sa decadence et sa suppression. Foppens. pp. 123–.

Les dispositions testamentaires d'Henri II

Barlow, Frank. (1988)

Bulletin de la Société des Amis du Vieux Chinon vol. 9, 2 (1988) p. 93-102

Wilfred Lewis Warren (1973). Henry II. University of California Press. pp. 148–. ISBN 978-0-520-02282-9.

Syllabus (in English) of the documents relating..  on openlibrary.org

Syllabus (in English) of the documents relating to England and other kingdoms contained in the collection known as "Rymer's Foedera." : Great Britain. Public Record Office : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive

Foedera, conventiones, literæ, et cujuscunque g...

Henry II and Financial Relations with the Templars

King Henry II of England  primarily used the Order to accumulate crusading funds in Jerusalem.

Frederick Maurice Powicke. Essays in Medieval History. Manchester University Press. pp. 147–. 

Ch Petit-Dutaillis; Georges Lefebvre (1969). Studies and Notes Supplementary to Stubbs' Constitutional History. Manchester University Press. pp. 363–. ISBN 978-0-7190-0341-7.

The Financial Relations of the Knights Templars to the English Crown

Eleanor Ferris

The American Historical Review

Vol. 8, No. 1 (Oct., 1902), pp. 1-17

Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Historical Association

http://www.jstor.org/stable/1832571

Book - The Knights Templar

Others

Frank Barlow (1990). Thomas Becket. University of California Press. pp. 61–. ISBN 978-0-520-07175-9.

Frank Barlow (1990). Thomas Becket. University of California Press. pp. 98–. ISBN 978-0-520-07175-9.

W. L. Warren (1977). Henry II. On The Vexin 1158: University of California Press. pp. 71–. ISBN 978-0-520-03494-5.

W. L. Warren (1977). Henry II. On the Vexin 1160: University of California Press. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-0-520-03494-5.

Ritual, Behaviour and Symbolic Communication in the dispute between Thomas Becket and King Henry II - The History Student.

An article concerning the dispute between Becket and Henry II in which it is seen that the continuation of many of traditional forms of political communication, including the use of symbolic rhetoric and items in the conduct of rituals, and also the deliberate staging of emotions is found in the hagiographical records of the dispute.


References

Ritual, Behaviour and Symbolic Communication in the dispute between Thomas Becket and King Henry II - The History Student.

http://thehistorystudent.weebly.com/medieval/ritual-behaviour-and-symbolic-communication-in-the-dispute-between-thomas-becket-and-king-henry-ii

http://goo.gl/ZbscRL

http://goo.gl/FvSPdQ

Council of Clarendon (1164) according to Herbert of Bosham,

James Craigie Robertson. Materials for the history of Thomas Becket Vol. 3 pp. 278-89

Liber III Capitulae 28-9

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k50320f/f315.image

Herbertus de Boseham (1845). Opera ... omnia (etc.). Parker. pp. 103–.

University of Zurich - Corpus Corporum

Herbertus_de_Boseham_cps2

Patrologia Latina -Tomus 190 col 1136D 

http://goo.gl/e4zfej

Saint Thomas (à Becket); Herbertus (de Boseham); Jacques Paul Migne (1854). S. Thomae Cantuariensis archiepiscopi et martyris nec non Herberti de Boseham clerici ejus a secretis opera omnia. Migne. pp. 3–.

John Allen Giles (1846). The Life and Letters of Thomas à Becket: Now First Gathered from the Contemporary Historians. Whittaker and Company. pp. 217–.

Translation

Council of Clarendon by Herbert of Bosham

Book 3 Chapters 28-9
David Charles Douglas; George William Greenaway (28 December 1995). English Historical Documents, 1042-1189. EHD 127: Psychology Press. pp. 841–. ISBN 978-0-415-14367-7.

Fisher, M. Ann Kathleen, "An Annotated Translation of the Life of St. Thomas Becket By Herbert Bosham (Part Two)" (1947).

Master's Theses. Paper 171. pp. 66-81

http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/171

Fisher, M. Ann Kathleen, "An Annotated Translation of the Life of St. Thomas Becket By Herbert Bosham (Part Two)" (1947).
Master's Theses. Paper 171.
http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/171

http://ecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1170&context=luc_theses

28. ~ Archbishop Is Called To Clarendon - Page 66

29. ~ Demands of the Constitutions - Page 68

30. ~ The Sadness and Grief of the Archbishop - Page 81

31. ~ The Archbishop is Absolved By The Apostolic See Page 87

Constitutions of Clarendon- How the Archbishop did not Affix his Seal to the Constitutions

Michael Staunton (2001). The Lives of Thomas Becket. 21. Thomas laments his compliance - Herbert of Bosham MTB 3 289-92: Manchester University Press. pp. 96–. ISBN 978-0-7190-5455-6.

...
"Not from the cloister, not from any place of religion, not from the company of the Saviour, but rather from the retinue of Caesar, proud and vain, from a keeper of hawks I was made shepherd of the sheep. From a patron of actors and a follower of hounds I was made pastor of so many souls, I know not who put me as guardian of the vines."

[Song of Solomon 1:6 - ... they made me the keeper of the vineyards; but mine own vineyard have I not kept.]
...

Some Additional References

John Allen Giles (1846). The Life and Letters of Thomas À Becket: Now First Gathered from the Contemporary Historians. Whittaker and Company. pp. 218–.

John Morris (1885). The Life and Martyrdom of Saint Thomas Becket. Burns and Oates. pp. 102–.

Richard Barber (2003). Henry Plantagenet. Chronology of the Council of Clarendon: Boydell Press. pp. 243–. ISBN 978-0-85115-993-5.

David Charles Douglas; George William Greenaway (1996). English Historical Documents, 1042-1189. EHD 127: Psychology Press. pp. 841–. ISBN 978-0-415-14367-7.

English Historical Documents. v. 2, 1042-1189. Ed. D. C. Douglas & G. W. Greenaway - Internet Archive https://bit.ly/3NnNnvv

Hutton (1899)

https://archive.org/stream/sthomascanterbu02huttgoog#page/n57/mode/1up

https://archive.org/stream/sthomascanterbu02huttgoog#page/n67/mode/1up

James J. Spigelman (2004). Becket & Henry: The Becket Lectures. James Spigelman. pp. 127–. ISBN 978-0-646-43477-3.

Foliot Letter 194 Multiplic Nobis

https://archive.org/stream/gilbertiexabbat00gilegoog#page/n306/mode/1up

Henry II's reissue of the Decrees of the council of Lillebonne, 1162

At the Council of Lillebonne [Concilium apud Julianbonam]  in Normandy presided over by Duke William the Bastard [aka the Conqueror] held at Whitsunday [Pentecost] in 1080 a long list of ecclesiastical canons applicable to the Duchy of Normandy were passed. These decrees pertain to the governing of the dukedom Normandy and define the respective rights of the Duke and the bishops. Many describe the limits to the legal powers of the bishops.

These are listed in Orderic Vitalis' Historia.

They were confirmed and re-issued by Henry I King of England [also Duke of Normandy] in 1107.

And again by Henry II on 25th  February 1162.

Raymonde Foreville writes about this latter

Raymonde Foreville (1943). L'église et la royauté en Angleterre sous Henri II Plantagenet (1154-1189). Bloud & Gay. p. 144.

...

Bref, certaines des coutumes de Clarendon reprennent des dispositions remontant à Henri Ier et même à Guillaume Ier, incontestablement éta­blies dans la pratique normande ; l'ensemble de la charte de 1164 s'inspire de l'idée de suprématie royale en germe dans les canons de Lillebonne et de la notion de paix du roi habilement substituée à celle de trêve de Dieu.

...

In short, some of the customs of Clarendon reproduce provisions which date back to Henry I and even William I, unquestionably the established practice in Normandy; the entire charter of 1164 [Constitutions of Clarendon] was inspired by the idea of ​​royal [ducal] supremacy which is to be found in embryonic form in the canons of Lillebonne and the concept of the King's Peace and the way in which this cleverly superseded the Truce of God.

References

Louis Ellies Du Pin; William Wotton (1698). A new history of ecclesiastical writers. The Council of Lillebonne 1080 AD: Printed for Abel Swalle and Tim. Childe. pp. 119–.

Orderic Vitalis. The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis: Volume III: Books V and VI. Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822219-4.

Societe de l'histoire de France. Orderic Vitalis Council of Lillebonne 1080: H. Champion. 1840. pp. 315–

Ordericus Vitalis (trans Thomas Forester 1853 The ecclesiastical history of England and Normandy Volume II p. 124

Ordericus Vitalis; François Guizot (1826). Histoire de Normandie. Lillebonne 1080: Mancel. pp. 306–.

Henry II's reissue of the canons of the council of Lillebonne of Whitsun 1080 (25 February 1162)

Pierre Chaplais

Journal of the Society of Archivists

Vol. 4, Iss. 8, 1973

Archives nationales (France). Musée (1869). Actes importants de l'histoire de France et autographes des hommes célèbres exposés dans l'hôtel Soubise par ordre de l'empereun sous la direction de M. le marquis de Laborde, directeur général: Ouvrage enrichi de plus de 2,000 fac-simile. H. Plon. pp. 79–.

Archives nationales (France); Alexandre Teulet; Joseph de Laborde; Élie Berger, Henri-François Delaborde (1863). Layettes du Trésor des chartes. H. Plon. pp. 101–.

Further References

Marjorie Chibnall (1996). The World of Orderic Vitalis: Norman Monks and Norman Knights. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 192–. ISBN 978-0-85115-621-7.

Christopher Nugent Lawrence Brooke (1976). Church and Government in the Middle Ages: Essays Presented to C. R. Cheney on His 70th Birthday. Cambridge University Press. pp. 15–. ISBN 978-0-521-21172-7.

Michael Gervers (2002). Dating Undated Medieval Charters. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 105–. ISBN 978-0-85115-924-9.

Pierre Chaplais (1981). Essays in medieval diplomacy and administration. Hambledon Press. ISBN 978-0-9506882-2-0.

Christopher Nugent Lawrence Brooke (1976). Church and Government in the Middle Ages: Essays Presented to C. R. Cheney on His 70th Birthday. Cambridge University Press. pp. 26–. ISBN 978-0-521-21172-7.

W. L. Warren (1977). Henry II. University of California Press. pp. 95–. ISBN 978-0-520-03494-5.

A Collection of Anglo-Norman Councils

Brett, Martin

The Journal of Ecclesiastical History
Volume 26 / Issue 03 / July 1975, pp 301-308
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022046900046315

Richard of Ilchester

References

Richard of Ilchester (DNB00) - Wikisource

Richard of Ilchester - Wikipedia

Richard of Ilchester, Royal Servant and Bishop
Charles Duggan
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
Fifth Series, Vol. 16, (1966), pp. 1-21
http://www.jstor.org/stable/3678792

Richard of Ilchester - DNB

Everett U. Crosby (2013). The King's Bishops: The Politics of Patronage in England and Normandy, 1066-1216. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 162–. ISBN 978-1-137-35212-5.

B. Tierney (19 July 2012). Authority and Power. Cambridge University Press. pp. 66–. ISBN 978-1-107-40456-4.

Actes Du Colloque International de Sedieres. Charles Duggan: Bishop John and Archdeacon Richard of Poitiers. Their roles in the Becket Dispute and its Aftermath: Editions Beauchesne. pp. 71–.