The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

I. S. Robinson (19 July 1990). The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 166–. ISBN 978-0-521-31922-5.

Robert Somerville (1977). Pope Alexander III and the Council of Tours (1163): A Study of Ecclesiastical Politics and Institutions in the Twelfth Century. Abbots and Cardinals at the Council of Tours 1163: University of California Press. pp. 29–. ISBN 978-0-520-03184-5.

Johannes Matthias Brixius (1912). Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181.

Cardinal William of Pavia

MATENGO, O.Cist., Guglielmo

Cardinal Deacon of st Mary via lata
Cardinal Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli,

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 1155

Cardinal  Henry of Pisa

MORICOTTI, O.Cist., Errico (?-1179)

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Moricotti

Cardinal Deacon Hyacinth

BOBONE, Giacinto

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1144.htm#Bobone

Hyacinth Bobo, cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin

Became Popes Celestine III

I. S. Robinson (19 July 1990). The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 166–. ISBN 978-0-521-31922-5.

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1152.htm#Ottone

Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger (1842). A History of the Church: Translated from the German of the Rev. J.J. Ig. Döllinger,. C. Dolman and T. Jomes. pp. 24–. Text ". ..." ignored (help)

 Pope Celestine III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Otto, Cardinal Deacon of Tulliano
OTTONE (?-1174/1175)

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1152.htm#Ottone

Cardinal John of SS. Giovanni e Paolo of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano
CONTI, Giovanni (?-1182)
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Conti

Cardinal Boso

Bosone (cardinale) - Wikipedia

Cardinal Boso

Cardinal Bishop Walter of Albano

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1159.htm#Gualterio

Cardinal Roland Bandinelli of Siena

Pope Alexander III - Wikipedia

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Bandinelli

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA Pope Alexander III

Octavian - Antipope Victor IV

Ottaviano de Monticello
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/consistories-xii.htm#VictorIV

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_election,_1159

Cardinal John of St. Martin’s 
Jean de Morson
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Mercone
 
Guido of Crema
CREMA, Guido da (ca. 1110-1168)
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1150.htm#Crema

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipope_Paschal_III

Cardinal Manfred
Manfredo, O.S.B. (?-1178)
Cardinal Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro
http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1163.htm#Manfredo

Hubald, Cardinal Bishop of Ostia

ALLUCINGOLI, O.Cist., Ubaldo (ca. 1097/1110-1185)

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1141.htm#Allucingoli

Cardinal Deacons

Cardinals Deacons held the lowest rank amongst the Cardinals. The other two ranks were Cardinal Bishops and Cardinal Priests. Many cardinals were deacons, and were not fully ordained priests. If they were elected Pope in conclave, they had rapidly to be ordained as priest, bishop and then pope (bishop of Rome). Many Cardinal Deacons were selected by the Pope from amongst the officials of the Roman Curia, rewarded for their service to the Church or skill at diplomacy or administration. In the early days of the Church there were seven deacons each who who administered one of the seven districts of the Roman diocese,There were a further seven deacons who assisted in the papal household.  By the 10th and 11th centuries the number of deaconries in Rome had increased to 18, and in Urban II's time a Cardinal Deacon was assigned to each of them.

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Deaconries 1

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Deaconries 2

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Deaconries 3

Papal Elections of the 12th century